Hours 75 Marks 100 : Credits 3
Objectives: After completing this course, the student will
a) have the basic concepts of speech, language and communication, and the relationship between them
b) know the physical, biological, social, psychological and linguistic bases of speech
c) will be able to trace out the stages of normal development of speech and language,
d) will have the basic skills of assessment and evaluation of speech, language and swallowing disorders, and
e) know the nature and scope of the field of speech-language pathology.
Unit 1: Introduction to Speech-language Pathology
a) History and development of speech-language pathology in Indian and Global context.
b) Definition and functions of speech, language, communication, and their components
c) Basic models of speech communication: Speech and hearing as a servo system,
Shannon-Weaver model, Lasswell model, and Berlo model
d) Speech chain and Speech as an overlaid function
e) Bases of speech and language – anatomical, physiological, neurological, physical, aerodynamic, linguistic, psychological, socio-cultural and genetic
f) Introduction to Speech-Language Disorders
g) Incidence and prevalence of speech and language disorders
h) Definition and descriptions of delay, deviancy, and disorders; impairment, disability and handicap
Unit 2: Normal Development of Speech-language and Basics of Management
a) Development of speech-language
b) Pre-requisites and factors affecting speech-language development
c) Basic concepts and terminologies in speech therapeutics
d) General principles of speech and language therapy
e) Individual and group therapy
f) Approaches to speech-language therapy – formal, informal, and eclectic approaches
g) Planning for speech and language therapy – goals, steps, procedures, and activities
h) Importance of reinforcement principles and strategies in speech and language therapy, types and schedules of rewards and punishment
Unit 3: Assessment and Management of Speech-language and Swallowing Disorders
a) Causes of speech-language disorders
b) Speech disorders - Fluency disorders, Voice disorders, Phonological disorders,
c) Feeding and swallowing disorders
d) Overview of assessment procedures for voice disorders; articulation and phonological disorders; and fluency disorders
e) Overview of management procedures for voice disorders; articulation and phonological disorders; and fluency disorders
f) Basic concepts in assessment and management of swallowing disorders
Unit 4: Assessment and Management of Language Disorders
a) Types, characteristics and classification of language disorders
b) Causes of language disorders
c) Overview of assessment procedures for child language disorders; adult language disorders; and neurogenic language disorders
d) Overview of management procedures for child language disorders; adult language disorders; and neurogenic language disorders
e) Issues related to bi/multilingualism
f) Early identification and prevention of speech and language disorders
Unit 5: Speech-language Pathology as a Profession
a) Professional code of conduct – social, cultural and other ethical issues
b) Interdisciplinary nature and scope of practice in speech-language pathology
c) Documentation of diagnostic, therapeutic and referral reports
d) Evaluation of therapy outcome and follow up
e) Evidence-based practice
f) Community-based rehabilitation
g) Role of itinerant speech therapist, Anganwadis, and resource teachers
h) Facilities and concessions available for speech and hearing disabled
Hours 75 Marks 100 : Credits 3
Objectives: After completing this course, the student will be able to
a) describe the basic concepts of hearing sensitivity and acoustics
b) describe the characteristics and causes for different types of hearing loss
c) take case history, administer and interpret tuning fork tests
d) carry out pure tone and speech audiometry on clinical population
e) carryout subjective calibration and daily listening checks of the audiometer, and
f) explain the theoretical basis of objective calibration of audiometers
Unit 1: Historical Aspects of Audiology and Scope of Audiology
a) History of Audiology, development of instrumentation in audiology
b) Development of the field of audiology: Indian and global context
c) Branches of audiology and scope of audiology
d) Multidisciplinary inputs to audiology
Unit 2: Normal Aspects of Hearing
a) Sound intensity and concept of decibel; Acoustic energy and power, absolute and relative units – importance of reference: Sound intensity and intensity levels – absolute and relative measurements: Bel – decibels and its application: relationship between intensity and pressure
b) Audibility and hearing: Hearing range – intensity and frequency: Minimum audible pressure and field: Estimation of minimum audible levels: Missing six dB: Reference equivalent threshold sound pressure levels and hearing levels: Sensation levels, threshold of pain, most comfortable levels
c) Differential sensitivity: Concept of just noticeable difference and its applications: Intensity, frequency and duration discrimination: Magnitude estimation and production: Loudness – equal loudness level contours and its application: Scales of pitch and loudness scales
Unit 3: Hearing Loss
a) Hearing loss and related terminologies
b) Classification of hearing loss: conductive, sensori-neural, mixed and central
c) Characteristics of different types of hearing loss
d) Causes of different types of hearing loss: Adult and children: Congenital and acquired: Pre-natal, natal and post-natal causes: Genetic and environmental causes
Unit 3: Case History and Tuning Fork Tests
a) Importance of case history taking in audiology practice
b) Essential factors to be included in case history for adults and children
c) Interpretation of case history information
d) Principles, procedure, interpretation, advantages and disadvantages of different tuning fork tests – Rinne, Schwabach, Weber and Bing tests
e) Audiometric version of Weber and Bing test
Unit 4: Pure Tone Audiometry
a) Classification of audiometers, Parts of an audiometer, characteristics and specifications of transducers used (earphones, bone vibrators, loud speakers)
b) Audiogram- concept and symbols used
c) Clinical method of threshold estimation
d) Factors affecting air conduction threshold
e) Bone conduction thresholds- measurements, factors effecting; SAL.
f) Permissible noise levels in the audiometric room
Unit 5: Speech Audiometry
a) Terminology, need for speech audiometry and types of stimuli used in speech audiometry, Test materials available in Indian languages
b) Speech reception thresholds – procedures and application
c) Word recognition scores –procedure and applications
d) Other measures of speech audiometry: Speech detection threshold, most comfortable level, uncomfortable level,
e) PIPB function – procedure and applications
f) Factors affecting speech audiometry, Bone conduction speech audiometry
Hours 60 Marks 75: Credits 2
Objectives: After completing this course, the student will be able to
a) describe the embryonic development of structures subserving speech and swallowing
b) describe the anatomy of the structures involved in speech production
c) describe the process of speech production including voice, and the underlying mechanism including neural control,
d) explain the anatomy and physiology of swallowing mechanism
Unit 1: Introduction
a) Anatomical terms, positions, and planes of reference
b) Cells and tissues of the body
c) Basic terminology related to embryology
d) Development of larynx and respiratory structures
e) Development of structures in the oral cavity
Unit 2: Anatomy of Speech Production
a) Anatomy of respiratory structures including larynx
b) Structure of articulators in the oral cavity
c) Structures of the resonatory mechanism
d) Neural structures subserving speech production
Unit 3: Physiology of Speech Production
a) Breathing, speech-breathing, and posture
b) Role of larynx in voice-speech production
c) Mechanism of phonation
d) Mechanism of production of speech sounds
e) Resonatory mechanisms and their contribution to speech
Unit 4: Anatomy and Physiology of Swallowing
a) Structure of the oral cavity for swallowing
b) Anatomy of pharynx and esophagus
c) Stages and processes of swallowing
Unit 5: Disorders of Speech and Swallowing
a) Five examples of embryonic anomalies affecting speech and language
b) Speech disorders: fluency disorders, voice disorders, articulatory and resonatory disorders
c) Feeding and swallowing disorders
Hours 60 Marks 75 : Credits 2
Objectives: After completing this course, the student will be able to
a) understand the evolution and anatomy of the auditory system including neural supply
b) describe the anatomy and functioning of external ear
c) describe the anatomy and functioning of middle ear system
d) describe the anatomy and functioning of labyrinth
e) describe the functional anatomy of the central auditory pathway
Unit 1: Introduction to general anatomy and embryology
a) General anatomical terms
b) Development of external
c) Development of middle ear
d) Development of inner ear
e) Five examples of embryonic anomalies affecting auditory system
Unit 2: Anatomy and physiology of External ear
a) Anatomy of pinna and external auditory canal
b) Auditory and non-auditory functions of external ear including localization
c) Head shadow effect, inter-aural intensity and time differences
d) Brief anatomy of the temporal bone
Unit 3: Anatomy and physiology of middle ear
a) Anatomy of middle ear including tympanic membrane
b) Auditory and non-auditory functions of the middle ear
c) Middle ear transformer action
e) Anatomy and physiology of Eustachian tube
Unit 4: Anatomy and physiology of labyrinth
a) Anatomy of the bony and membranous labyrinth
b) Micro and macro anatomy of cochlea
c) Innervations and blood supply to cochlea
d) Physiology of cochlea
e) Electrical potentials of the cochlea
f) Hearing through bone conduction
g) Overview to physiology of balancing mechanisms
Unit 5: Auditory Nerve and Central auditory pathway
a) Anatomy and Physiology of the Auditory nerve
b) Functional anatomy of the central auditory pathway and its physiology
Hours 100 Marks 50 : Credits 4
The objectives of the course are to provide skills to
a) identify normal speech and language development
b) list various parameters of speech and language skills
c) gather case history, and conduct oral peripheral examination
d) differentiate normal versus disordered speech and language skills in children and adults
e) list strategies/tools for assessment and techniques for therapy to facilitate speech and language skills in children and adults
Perform
a) List the available clinical facilities and clinical activities of the department/institute.
b) List the sources of referral for speech and language disorders (to and from the department).
c) List various public education materials/ videos that are available in the department.
d) List various assessment materials available for the evaluation of speech-language disorders.
e) Prepare a chart and show the developmental stages of speech and language behavior.
f) Compile the normative data available in Indian languages with reference to speech sound acquisition
g) Prepare a report on the available clinical facilities and clinical activities of your institute.
h) Use IPA to transcribe spoken language sample. Standard passage may be used. Identify the number of phonemes and syllables in a list of words/passage.
i) Record a speech sample and analyse the parameters (voice, articulation, fluency, stress, rhythm, resonance).
j) Record a neurotypical child’s language sample and analyse various parameters of language.
k) Measure the following: Habitual frequency, Frequency range, Intensity, Intensity range, Phonation duration, Rate of speech, Alternate Motion Rates, Sequential Motion Rates, s/z ratio.
l) List the available test material in the clinic for assessing various parameters of speech and language. Familiarize with three commonly used language test materials at the institute – Ex: Assessment of Language Development, ComDEALL Developmental Checklist (CDDC), Language Assessment Tool (LAT). Administer on one typically developing child and one child with language disorder.
m) List and demonstrate components of case history for communication disorders.
n) Perform oral mechanism examination on two neurotypical children and adults.
o) Perceptual analysis of speech parameters in persons with communication disorders – fluency, articulation, voice (3 adults, 3 children).
q) Prepare the following reports for various speech and language disorders: diagnostic report, baseline report, lesson plan, progress report, and discharge report.
r) List the commonly used speech language stimulation techniques and perform a role play.
s) List reinforcement strategies. Prepare some reinforcers that can be used in diagnostics or therapy
t) Prepare a list of sources of referrals and a response letter to the referral source.
u) Prepare diagnostic & therapy kits and a checklist for parent counseling.
v) Observe the assessment and counseling of different speech and language disorders in children and adults.
w) Observe the speech and language therapy of different speech and language disorders in children and adults.
x) Observe the use of various software and instruments used for the assessment and management of speech and language disorders.
y) Document ICF classification of various speech-language disorders.
z) Document DSM V and ICD 11 classification of various speech-language disorders.
Hours 100 Marks 50 : Credits 4
1. Daily listening check and trouble shoot of different clinical audiometers
2. Preparation of correction factor chart after biological calibration on individuals with normal hearing
3. Getting familiar with different clinical audiometers, parts of audiometers and their functions
4. Familiarization with different types of transducers – earphones/ear cushion combination, speakers, insert earphones, bone vibrators
5. Appropriate placement of various transducers on clients during Audiometry including masking
6. Get familiar with instructions for carrying out pure tone audiometry, Speech audiometry and masking in 5 different languages at least
7. Familiarization with different types of stimuli used in audiometry
8. Establishment of PT thresholds (AC & BC) using ascending, descending and modified Hughson Westlake procedures in 5 individuals with normal hearing
9. Estimation of bone conduction threshold with forehead and mastoid placements in 5 individuals with normal hearing
10. Familiarization with different symbols used on audiogram for unmasked and masked AC, BC, SRT, and SIS for different transducers for right and left ear.
11. Familiarization with materials used for speech audiometry in different Indian languages and English for adults and children
12. To observe the counselling before and after audiological testing
13. Establishing UCL, MCL, DR, SRT, SDT & SIS on 5 individuals with normal hearing
14. Administration of clinical masking on 5 individuals with normal hearing
15. Familiarization with different equipment used for objective calibration of audiometers
16. Observation of objective calibration procedure for audiometers as per standards
17. Administration of SAL and Rainville on 5 individuals with normal hearing